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<!doctype html><html class=html lang=en-us dir=ltr><head><meta charset=utf-8><meta name=viewport content="width=device-width"><title>Unit 3 | Freedoms4</title><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/style.min.34d0accb85f8ec23ceee8c29eef5907823b531d8acb9e6bdf45a3b37ad028d30.css integrity="sha256-NNCsy4X47CPO7owp7vWQeCO1Mdisuea99Fo7N60CjTA=" crossorigin=anonymous><link rel=icon href=/favicon.ico><meta name=description content=" April 15, 2026 # Types of co-operatives formed # A) Consumer co-operatives.
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B) Producer co-operatives.
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C) Marketing co-operatives.
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D) Housing co-operatives.
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E) Credit co-operatives.
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F) Cooperative Farming Societies.
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Types of Companies # A) On the Basis of Incorporation # Chartered Companies: Formed under a Royal Charter or special charter issued by the monarch (no longer applicable in India). Statutory Companies: Created by a special Act of Parliament or State Legislature. Example: Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Life Insurance Corporation (LIC). Registered Companies: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. This includes almost all modern business entities in India. B) On the Basis of Liability # Company Limited by Shares [Section 2(22)]. Company Limited by Guarantee [Section 2(21)]. Unlimited Liability Company [Section 2(92)]. Company Limited by Both Guarantee and Shares. C) On the Basis of Ownership # Private Company (Section 2(68)). Public Company (Section 2(71)). One Person Company (Section 2(62)). D) On the Basis of Control # Holding Company: Controls one or more subsidiaries by owning over 50% voting rights or board control. Subsidiary Company: Controlled by another company. Example: Jaguar Land Rover (subsidiary of Tata Motors). E) On the Basis of Nationality # Indian Company: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and managed in India. Foreign Company (Section 2(42)): Incorporated outside India but has a place of business in India. Example: Google India Pvt. Ltd. F) On the Basis of Purpose # For-Profit Companies. Non-Profit Companies (Section 8): Established for charitable, educational, or social purposes. Profits are reinvested to promote their objectives. Example: CRY Foundation. "><meta property="og:url" content="https://freedoms4.org/uninotes/s1/bo-dcm1109/unit3/self/"><meta property="og:site_name" content="Freedoms4"><meta property="og:title" content="Unit 3"><meta property="og:description" content="April 15, 2026 # Types of co-operatives formed # A) Consumer co-operatives.
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B) Producer co-operatives.
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C) Marketing co-operatives.
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D) Housing co-operatives.
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E) Credit co-operatives.
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F) Cooperative Farming Societies.
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Types of Companies # A) On the Basis of Incorporation # Chartered Companies: Formed under a Royal Charter or special charter issued by the monarch (no longer applicable in India). Statutory Companies: Created by a special Act of Parliament or State Legislature. Example: Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Life Insurance Corporation (LIC). Registered Companies: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. This includes almost all modern business entities in India. B) On the Basis of Liability # Company Limited by Shares [Section 2(22)]. Company Limited by Guarantee [Section 2(21)]. Unlimited Liability Company [Section 2(92)]. Company Limited by Both Guarantee and Shares. C) On the Basis of Ownership # Private Company (Section 2(68)). Public Company (Section 2(71)). One Person Company (Section 2(62)). D) On the Basis of Control # Holding Company: Controls one or more subsidiaries by owning over 50% voting rights or board control. Subsidiary Company: Controlled by another company. Example: Jaguar Land Rover (subsidiary of Tata Motors). E) On the Basis of Nationality # Indian Company: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and managed in India. Foreign Company (Section 2(42)): Incorporated outside India but has a place of business in India. Example: Google India Pvt. Ltd. F) On the Basis of Purpose # For-Profit Companies. Non-Profit Companies (Section 8): Established for charitable, educational, or social purposes. Profits are reinvested to promote their objectives. Example: CRY Foundation."><meta property="og:locale" content="en_us"><meta property="og:type" content="article"><meta property="article:section" content="uninotes"><meta itemprop=name content="Unit 3"><meta itemprop=description content="April 15, 2026 # Types of co-operatives formed # A) Consumer co-operatives.
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B) Producer co-operatives.
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C) Marketing co-operatives.
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D) Housing co-operatives.
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E) Credit co-operatives.
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F) Cooperative Farming Societies.
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Types of Companies # A) On the Basis of Incorporation # Chartered Companies: Formed under a Royal Charter or special charter issued by the monarch (no longer applicable in India). Statutory Companies: Created by a special Act of Parliament or State Legislature. Example: Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Life Insurance Corporation (LIC). Registered Companies: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. This includes almost all modern business entities in India. B) On the Basis of Liability # Company Limited by Shares [Section 2(22)]. Company Limited by Guarantee [Section 2(21)]. Unlimited Liability Company [Section 2(92)]. Company Limited by Both Guarantee and Shares. C) On the Basis of Ownership # Private Company (Section 2(68)). Public Company (Section 2(71)). One Person Company (Section 2(62)). D) On the Basis of Control # Holding Company: Controls one or more subsidiaries by owning over 50% voting rights or board control. Subsidiary Company: Controlled by another company. Example: Jaguar Land Rover (subsidiary of Tata Motors). E) On the Basis of Nationality # Indian Company: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and managed in India. Foreign Company (Section 2(42)): Incorporated outside India but has a place of business in India. Example: Google India Pvt. Ltd. F) On the Basis of Purpose # For-Profit Companies. Non-Profit Companies (Section 8): Established for charitable, educational, or social purposes. Profits are reinvested to promote their objectives. Example: CRY Foundation."><meta itemprop=wordCount content="254"><meta itemprop=keywords content="S1,BO DCM1109"><link rel=stylesheet href=/css/custom.css><script>(function(){var e=localStorage.getItem("theme");e&&document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme",e)})()</script></head><body class=body><header class=header><div class=brand><img src=/logo.png alt="Freedoms4 logo"><h1>Freedoms4</h1><div class=brand__actions><button class=theme-toggle id=theme-toggle aria-label="Toggle theme" title="Toggle dark/light mode">
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› <a href=/uninotes/s1/bo-dcm1109/>BO DCM1109</a>
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› <a href=/uninotes/s1/bo-dcm1109/unit3/>Unit 3</a>
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› <span>Self</span></nav><div class=uninotes-meta><span class=uninotes-meta__pill>S1</span>
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<span class=uninotes-meta__pill>BO DCM1109</span>
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<span class="uninotes-meta__pill uninotes-meta__pill--self">Self</span></div><h1>Unit 3</h1><details class=toc><summary class=toc__summary>Table of Contents</summary><nav id=TableOfContents><ul><li><ul><li><a href=#april-15-2026><em><strong>April 15, 2026</strong></em></a></li></ul></li><li><a href=#types-of-co-operatives-formed>Types of co-operatives formed</a></li><li><a href=#types-of-companies>Types of Companies</a><ul><li><a href=#a-on-the-basis-of-incorporation>A) On the Basis of Incorporation</a></li><li><a href=#b-on-the-basis-of-liability>B) On the Basis of Liability</a></li><li><a href=#c-on-the-basis-of-ownership>C) On the Basis of Ownership</a></li><li><a href=#d-on-the-basis-of-control>D) On the Basis of Control</a></li><li><a href=#e-on-the-basis-of-nationality>E) On the Basis of Nationality</a></li><li><a href=#f-on-the-basis-of-purpose>F) On the Basis of Purpose</a></li></ul></li></ul></nav></details><h3 class=heading id=april-15-2026><em><strong>April 15, 2026</strong></em><span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#april-15-2026>#</a></span></h3><h2 class=heading id=types-of-co-operatives-formed>Types of co-operatives formed<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#types-of-co-operatives-formed>#</a></span></h2><p>A) Consumer co-operatives.<br>B) Producer co-operatives.<br>C) Marketing co-operatives.<br>D) Housing co-operatives.<br>E) Credit co-operatives.<br>F) Cooperative Farming Societies.</p><h2 class=heading id=types-of-companies>Types of Companies<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#types-of-companies>#</a></span></h2><h3 class=heading id=a-on-the-basis-of-incorporation>A) On the Basis of Incorporation<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#a-on-the-basis-of-incorporation>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>Chartered Companies: Formed under a Royal Charter or special charter issued by the
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monarch (no longer applicable in India).</li><li>Statutory Companies: Created by a special Act of Parliament or State Legislature. Example:
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Reserve Bank of India (RBI), Life Insurance Corporation (LIC).</li><li>Registered Companies: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013. This includes almost
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all modern business entities in India.</li></ol><h3 class=heading id=b-on-the-basis-of-liability>B) On the Basis of Liability<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#b-on-the-basis-of-liability>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>Company Limited by Shares [Section 2(22)].</li><li>Company Limited by Guarantee [Section 2(21)].</li><li>Unlimited Liability Company [Section 2(92)].</li><li>Company Limited by Both Guarantee and Shares.</li></ol><h3 class=heading id=c-on-the-basis-of-ownership>C) On the Basis of Ownership<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#c-on-the-basis-of-ownership>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>Private Company (Section 2(68)).</li><li>Public Company (Section 2(71)).</li><li>One Person Company (Section 2(62)).</li></ol><h3 class=heading id=d-on-the-basis-of-control>D) On the Basis of Control<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#d-on-the-basis-of-control>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>Holding Company: Controls one or more subsidiaries by owning over 50% voting rights or board control.</li><li>Subsidiary Company: Controlled by another company. Example: Jaguar Land Rover
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(subsidiary of Tata Motors).</li></ol><h3 class=heading id=e-on-the-basis-of-nationality>E) On the Basis of Nationality<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#e-on-the-basis-of-nationality>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>Indian Company: Incorporated under the Companies Act, 2013 and managed in India.</li><li>Foreign Company (Section 2(42)): Incorporated outside India but has a place of business in India. Example: Google India Pvt. Ltd.</li></ol><h3 class=heading id=f-on-the-basis-of-purpose>F) On the Basis of Purpose<span class=heading__anchor> <a href=#f-on-the-basis-of-purpose>#</a></span></h3><ol><li>For-Profit Companies.</li><li>Non-Profit Companies (Section 8): Established for charitable, educational, or social
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purposes. Profits are reinvested to promote their objectives. Example: CRY Foundation.</li></ol><nav class=page-nav><a class=page-nav__previous-link href=/uninotes/s1/bo-dcm1109/unit2/>← Unit 2</a></nav></main><footer class=footer><p class=footer__copyright-notice>© <a href=https://freedoms4.org>freedoms4.org</a> <a href=/changelog/>Changelog</a></p><p class=footer__theme-info>Built with <a href=https://gohugo.io>Hugo</a> and based on <a href=https://github.com/CyrusYip/hugo-theme-yue>Yue</a> theme</p></footer><script>(function(){var e=document.getElementById("theme-toggle");if(!e)return;function t(){var e=localStorage.getItem("theme");return e?e:window.matchMedia("(prefers-color-scheme: light)").matches?"light":"dark"}function n(e){document.documentElement.setAttribute("data-theme",e),localStorage.setItem("theme",e)}n(t()),e.addEventListener("click",function(){var e=document.documentElement.getAttribute("data-theme")||t();n(e==="dark"?"light":"dark")})})()</script><script>(function(){var e=document.getElementById("mobile-menu-check");if(!e)return;document.addEventListener("click",function(t){if(!e.checked)return;var n=e.closest(".brand__mobile-menu");n&&!n.contains(t.target)&&(e.checked=!1)})})()</script></body></html> |